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1996-04-07
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This describes(rather roughly) the animation types supported and some
of their special features. It's more of an organized rambling but
might give insight into what's going on.
FLI/FLC Animations:
FLI is by Autodesk Animator for the PC's. Support is for the 320x200
images. The file is composed of a series of images and deltas(a delta
is data that can generate the next image given a previous image) to
be played in sequence. An FLI animation can also change the color map
during the anim. FLC's have a few additional chunks and has support
for larger image sizes.
IFF Animations and Images:
IFF files were developed for the Amiga. Sound chunks are currently
ignored. Most IFF Animation files are meant to be double buffered.
The deltas refer not to the previous image, but the image before the
previous(two back). I know of 11 types of compressions 0 thru 8, J,
l and scala 32.
I've only included types 3, 5, 7, J and l because those are the only
ones I could test. The J type compression has an ANSI chunk at the
end which includes the order in which the deltas are to be applied
and they can be used more than once. Type l (small L) type anim is
also supported in revs 229 and higher. It's a compression type I've only
found in older animations.
IFF animations can be looping or non-looping. Looping means the last
two deltas produce images that are the same as the 1st two images. To
continuously loop an animation, you would not jump back to the beginning
but to the 2nd image instead. In order to loop non-looping animations
you would need to jump to the 1st image. There's no way to know ahead
of time which is which so the default is looping and if you have a
non-looping animation use the -c switch.
The Amiga has a couple of weird display modes, EHB and HAM. XAnim fully
supports EHB animations. HAM can produce 4096 colors(4 bits each red,
green, and blue) from 6 bits per pixel. One True and Direct Color
displays this is no problem. On lesser display, you have your choice
of 332 or Grayscale. 332 means the 8 bits(for 256 color display, less
for others) is divided into 3 bits of red, 3 bits of green and 2 bits
of blue and the HAM images are mapped to fit.
Surprisingly enough, it's not too bad for most anims.
NOTE: HAM8 is recently out and that is supported the same way.
IFF supports color cycling chunks that specify color ranges to be
cycled at specified intervals. Since there's no obvious end to this
type of animation, I just display the image for a set interval(see
xanim_config.h) and then move on. Early Amiga software totally
screwed up by saving color cycling chunks enabled in a lot of
images that were never meant to be cycled. This goes for animations
as well.
Single IFF images are supported as well. Uncompressed and
compression type 1 are supported. (XAnim makes use of the public domain
unpacker routine by Jerry Morrison and Steve Shaw). see unpacker.c.
GIF Images/Animations.
The GIF file consists of a screen color map and then a series of images,
each with their own optional color map. The images don't have to be at
the origin and can be any size smaller than the screen size. This allows
GIF animations to be created that only update the part of the screen
that changes. I don't have a program that does this yet but txtmerge is
a step in that direction. Also the GIF89a spec has included some extensions
that are animation specific. Rev 2.29.1 and up has limited support for
these. Comment fields in GIF files are displayed if you use the -v (verbose)
option.
GIF images are automatically uncompressed when read in. This might
change in the future.
TXT files
Probably should be called something else. Basically it is a ascii text
file that lists a number of GIF files to be displayed. Optionally, you
can specify the sequence the files are displayed in. Comments aren't
supported. I need to put a lot of work and thought into improving this
one.
TXT format needs to have txt91 as the 1st 5 characters in the file.
Following that there are a series of fields. Fields just have to be
separated from each other by white space. No extraneous characters
(ie comments) are supported, yet.
txt91 <--- header so XAnim knows what kind of file it is
4 <--- number of GIF filenames that follow
a.gif <--- gif file to be read in. 1st file is number 0.
b.gif
c.gif
d.gif
6 <--- number of frames that follow.
0 1 2 3 <--- display images in this order.
2 1
The sequence will be a.gif b.gif c.gif d.gif c.gif b.gif. Most likely
this anim will be looped and the last b.gif will flow smoothly into
a.gif as it starts over.
I like to improve upon this by adding timing and specialty fade/wipes.
Also it'd be nice if images could be unloaded and load on the fly to
conserve memory. If this happens it'll probably be a different format.
DL files
I only threw these in because it was easy and intense pressure from
friends. As far as I know, they come in three resolutions, 320x200,
160x100 and 80x50. They consist of a series of images with a frame
list at the end that gives the order they are displayed in. The frame
list also specifies nested looping of images. There's also a field for
Author and Title that is displayed if you specify
-v (verbose) option.
PageFlipper Plus F/X Amiga files
A series of deltas with a play list at the end. Supports color
map changes, nested loops and dynamic timing.
GoldDisk MovieSetter Animations.
Probably the most flexible animation format I've seen. Animations are
stored as a bunch of backgrounds, sounds and sets. Sets are smaller
images that get placed on top of the background(with transparent pixels).
A frame list at the end that describes each frame. Each frame
specifies which background to use(backgrounds can also scroll in
different directions and speeds), and a list of sets to put on that
background with depth information so characters can pass behind or
in front of each other. Sound information if contained here as well
to sync it up to the action. There is also color cycling and specialty
fades and wipes.
NOTE: This animation can come as one file or as three directories
and a control file. The three directories are usually Moviesets,
Moviebacks and Moviesounds. You might have to create the links
moviesets -> Moviesets and moviebacks -> Moviebacks or vice-versa
because the Amiga is case insensitive. Sounds are ignored for now.
Eric Schwartz has created several of these animations that are
worth checking out.
AVI Animations.
TBD
Quicktime Animations.
TBD
Mark Podlipec
podlipec@wellfleet.com
podlipec@shell.portal.com